The Extraction of Curium and Americium by Tri-n-Octyl Phosphine Oxide

Magnesium chromate anhydrate, magnesium chromate monohydrate and sodium chromate quadrahydrate were irradiated in the Liquid Nitrogen Temperature Loop at the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute to study the behavior of ⁵¹Cr recoil atoms. The initial retentions of recoil ⁵¹Cr were measured at ?55°, ?40° and ?30°C, and the thermal annealing behavior of recoil ⁵¹Cr was examined extensively in the temperature range from ?20° to 80 °C. The effects of difference in total irradiation dose and of the water of crystallization on the annealing behaviors of ⁵¹Cr recoil atoms are discussed.     

Electrohydrodynamic atomization (EHDA) of high-conductivity pure solvent

ABSTRACT

In this study, the effects of flow rate, liquid conductivity and neutralizer strength on the operating and output characteristics are examined for an Electrohydrodynamic atomization (EHDA)-based aerosol generator system, designed and built in our laboratory. Ethylene glycol is used for generating the droplets. It is seen that stable cone-jet mode could be obtained for solvent conductivity as high as 240 μS/cm. While the output number concentration was found to increase with both flow rate and conductivity, the mean particle diameters decreased with increasing conductivity and increased with flow rate. The mean droplet size and output number concentration are found to be about three times more sensitive to changes in conductivity as compared to that of flow rate in the range of 26–150 μS/cm. It is also observed that throughput from the system is strongly dependent on the strength of the charge neutralizer. In the present setup, 8 μCi ²⁴¹Am bipolar neutralizer in axisymmetric configuration was found to be sufficient to neutralize the generated droplets.     

Axial Dispersion Coefficient and Mass Transfer Rate in Pulsed Column

This work has investigated an improvement for the usual batch denitration by formic acid. It studied several destruction characteristics of nitric acid and formic acid in a continuous denitration process newly suggest in this work which consisted of a continuous denitration by formic acid and a residual acid-electrolytic destruction system. Also, the precipitation behaviors of a few metal ions such as Mo, Zr, Nd, and Fe during the denitration were investigated. The continuous denitration by formic acid reached a steady state in 30 min and showed a dependency of the final acidity on the residence time of the feeding solution in the reaction. In a Ti-IrO₂ electrolytic cell, the destructive rates of formic acid and nitric acid were 1.37×10^-2M-cm²/h-mA and 9.33×10^-3 Mcm²/hmA, respectively. The nitric acid was reduced at the Ti cathode and the formic acid was oxidized at the IrO₂ anode. The suggested denitration process combining a chemical system and an electrolytic system could treat continuously a feeding nitric acid of 2.0 M below about 0.1 M. The precipitation of the metal ions occurred almost totally in the denitration column.     

Data Randomization Scheme for Endurance Enhancement and Interference Mitigation of Multilevel Flash Memory Devices

In this letter, we propose a data randomization scheme for endurance and interference mitigation of deeply‐scaled multilevel flash memory. We address the relationships between data patterns and the raw bit error rate. An on‐chip pseudorandom generator composed of an address‐based seed location decoder is developed and evaluated with respect to uniformity. Experiments performed with 2x‐nm and 4x‐nm NAND flash memory devices illustrate the effectiveness of our scheme. The results show that the error rate is reduced up to 86% compared to that of a conventional cycling scheme. Accordingly, the endurance phenomenon can be mitigated through analysis of interference that causes tech shrinkage.     

A new method to deal with fuzzy classification problems by tuning membership functions for fuzzy classification systems

Abstract

This paper presents a new method to construct and tune membership functions and generate fuzzy classification rules from training instances for handling the Iris data classification problem. First, we find two attributes of the Iris data from the training instances that are suitable to serve as classification criteria. Then, we construct and tune the membership functions of these two attributes and generate fuzzy classification rules from the training instances. The proposed method generates the same number of fuzzy classification rules as the number of species of the training instances. It generates fewer fuzzy classification rules and can get a higher average classification accuracy rate than the existing methods.     

New Uni-Resonance Approximation Technique for Reaction Rate of Higher Resonances in Activation Detectors

As a high efficiency solid sample analysis technique based on resonance ionization spectroscopy (RIS). Resonant Laser Ablation (RLA) is available. RLA combines Laser Ablation (LA) and RIS simultaneously with a single laser device. We have proposed the new dosimetry technique for a solid sample based on RLA.

We have attempted the detection of ²⁶Al (T _1/2: 7.2×10⁵yr) produced in the high purity Al irradiated by 14MeV neutrons at Fusion Neutronics Source (FNS). Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute. Some interference effects are observed in the trace element detection experiments. These interference effects interrupt the detection of ²⁶Al. In conclusion. it is difficult that ²⁶Al is recognized clearly. We have mainly discussed the origins and elimination methods of these interference effects to detect the trace elements produced by nuclear reactions.     

基于H.264码率控制算法的优化

在给定的比特流的条件下,编解码器采用码率控制可以获得高质量和高平滑的视频。因此码率控制广泛应用在视频压缩与传输过程中,起着重要作用。本文基于最新的视频编码标准H.264提出一种改进的码率控制算法--关于MAD(mean absolute differences)在计算QP(量化参数)上的改进.MAD在二次失真模型中用于计算QP,取得了很好的信噪比、压缩比和码流的稳定性。本文在像素差值计算后加入Hadamard计算即SATD(sum absolute of transform differences),采用SATD来代替MAD在二次失真模型中计算量化参数。实验结果表明:与JM18.0原算法比较,视频输出序列的亮度峰值信噪比(PSNR)提高了0.2 dB左右,取得更好的码率控制效果,便于接收端获得更加稳定的压缩视频流。     

Modelling and analysis of split and merge production systems with Bernoulli reliability machines

Many production systems have split and merge operations to increase production capacity and variety, improve product quality, and implement product control and scheduling policies. In this paper, we present analytical methods to model and analyse Bernoulli split and merge production systems with circulate, priority and percentage split/merge policies. The recursive procedures for performance analysis are derived, the convergence of the procedures and uniqueness of the solutions, along with the structural properties, are proved, and the accuracy of the estimation is justified with high precision.     

Analytical prediction of pressure‐time curve for free inflation of superplastic sheet into hemispherical dome

Abstract

Blow forming is a commonly used production method to deform superplastic sheets. Several papers have appeared to analytically predict the pressurization sequence needed to control the inflation process at a desired strain rate. Some of them, however, are based on an over‐simplified assumption of uniform thickness reduction during the inflation, which often leads to non‐conservative prediction of pressure‐time path. Others have been more rigorous in the formulation, which on the other hand, results in more extensive equations requiring iterative method with a computer program. This paper presents a modified approach. Ignoring the assumption of uniform thinning, a set of physically sound yet easy‐to‐use equations for obtaining pressure‐time curves, heights of the deforming dome, and thickness variations both in space and time, are derived. The analytical results compare favorably with the experimental data and more elaborate finite element solutions.     

家电进出口企业外汇风险转移方法

伴随着中国金融体制改革不断深入以及经济市场化程度的提高，更加灵活、更加富有弹性的汇率制度已逐步形成，一方面，对外贸易的经营效率将进一步提高；另一方面，家电进出口企业面临的外汇风险也将增加。本文主要从外汇风险的概念、构成要素和基本类别出发，分析并得出外汇风险的成因，并提出了如何通过外汇风险转移法帮助家电进出口企业控制外汇风险的建议。